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FARADAY, MICHAEL.

On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism. By Michael Faraday, Chemical Assistant in the Royal Institution. (+) Note on New Electro-Magnetical Motions. (+) Historical Statement respecting Electro-Magnetic Rotation. (3 Papers). - [THE FIRST ELECTRIC MOTOR - INTRODUCING "LINES OF FORCE" AND THE UNIVERSE OF "FIELDS"]

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S
lyn43731
London, John Murray, (1821), 1822, 1823. Wirhout wrappers as extracted from "The Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts. (The Royal Institution of Great Britain)", vol. XII a. XV. Half-title and title-page to vol. XII, pp. 74-96 a. pp. 416-421 and 1 engraved plate (showing Faraday's apparatus for illustrating electromagnetic rotation). Title-page to vol. XV. Pp. 288-292. The plate slightly brownspotted.

First appearance of these three papers in which Faraday records one of the most influential discoveries in physics in the 19th Century; - with these papers he is the very first to show how to CONVERT THE ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FORCES INTO CONTINUAL MECHANICAL MOVEMENT, thus creating the first electric motor, using the principle of electromagnetic rotation. In the first paper he introduced for the first time the concept of "LINE OF FORCE", hereby delineating "a picture of the universe as consisting of fields of various types, one that was more subtle, flexible, and useful than the purely mechanical picture of Galileo and Newton. The FIELD UNIVERSE was to be recognized with Maxwell half a century later and with Einstein, after an interval of another half century" (Asimov)."Ever since Hans Christian Oersted's announcement of the discovery of electromagnetism in the summer of 1820, editors of scientific journals had been inundated with articles on the phenomenon. Theories to explain it had multiplied, and the net effect was confusion. Were all the effects reported real? Did the theories fit the facts? It was to answer these questions that Phillips turned to Faraday and asked him to review the experiments and theories of the past months and separate truth from fiction,...Faraday agreed to undertake a short historical survey...His enthusiasm was aroused in September 1821, when he turned to the investigation of the peculiar nature of the magnetic force created by an electrical current. Oersted had spoken of the "electrical conflict" surrounding the wire and had noted that "this conflict performs circles".....Yet as he experimented he saw precisely what was happening. Using a small magnetic needle to map the pattern of magnetic force, he noted that one of the poles of the needle turned in a circle as it was carried around the wire. He immediately realized that a single magnetic pole would rotate unceasingly around a current-carrying wire so long as the current flowed. He then set about devising an instrument to illustrate this effect. His paper "On some new Electro-Magnetical Motion, and on the Theory of Magnetism" appeared in the 21 October 1821 issue of the "Quarterly Journal of Science" (The paper offered). It records the first conversion of electrical into mechanical energy. It also contained the first notion of the line of force." (DSB IV, pp. 533).
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Pfullingen, Günter Neske, (1954). 8vo. Original full black cloth with white lettering to spine. Very clean, bright, and fresh, also internally. Original orange dust-jacket with black lettering to spine and white lettering to front. Minimal edge wear. An excellent and clean dust-jacket with just minor signs of wear. Very slight soiling to title-page, otherwise no wear or markings to text. Letter from Heidegger inserted to inside of front board. Front free end-paper signed and dated by Heidegger and with an inserted note in ink from the person that Heidegger gave the book to stating that this highly personal memento from his student time in Freiburg and his memorable encounters with Heidegger was given to his son Matthias for his 40th birthday, in 1995. 283, (1) pp. First edition, presentation-copy signed by Heidgger and with an inserted letter, also signed and dated by Heidegger, of this seminal collection of lectures and essays, which was of decisive importance to the immense influence of Heidegger’s thinking upon post World War Europe. This collection of Heidegger’s lectures and essays contains such groundbreaking works as “Die Frage nach der Technik” (The Question Concerning Technology) and “Wissenschaft und Besinnung” (Science and Reflection), “”Dichterisch Wohnet der Mensch…” “, along with other important works written between 1936 and 1953 collected here for the first time. This collection would later be reprinted and serve as volume 7 of Heidegger’s collected works (the Gesamtausgabe). This copy is signed “Martin Heidegger” and dated (1954 – the year of publication) to the front free end-paper, and on the inside of the front board is inserted an autograph signed letter in Heidegger’s hand to “Sehr geehrter Herr Doktor” (honourable doctor), in which Heidegger asks to meet up the following day, suggesting different times of the day. The letter is dated Freiburg 10th of February, 1954, which is two days before Heidegger gave his groundbreaking lecture “The Question Concerning Technology” at the University of Freiburg, suggesting that the letter was given to someone attending the lecture, possibly someone with whom he wanted to discuss it beforehand. “The Question Concerning Technology” still serves as one of the most pertinent philosophical essays of modern time, foreshadowing what is arguably the greatest philosophical and moral dilemmas that we struggle with today due to modern technology. Heidegger begins with asking the question what technology is, in an attempt to fully understand its essence and to ultimately prepare a free relationship to it – a theme that could hardly be more relevant today. “As relevant now as ever before, this accessible collection is an essential landmark in the philosophy of science from one of the most profound thinkers of the twentieth century (New York Times). The advent of machine technology has given rise to some of the deepest problems of modern thought. Featuring the celebrated essay The Question Concerning Technology, this prescient volume contains Martin Heidegger's groundbreaking investigation into the pervasive enframing character of our understanding of ourselves and the world.” (Harper Collins: The Question Concerning Technology And Other Essays By Martin Heidegger, 2013). “Science and Reflection” (here published for the first time), a lecture delivered on August 4, 1953, to a small circle of attendees, is Heidegger’s meditation on the difference between science and “mindfulness”, and an as-relevant-as-ever attempt at uniting science as such, in itself, with its application and meaning, combatting scientific fragmentation. In line with the other foreshadowing lectures, “Dichterisch wohnet der Mensch”, given on October 6, 1951, in Bühlerhöhe, seeks to explore how to reach a peace or dwelling in a modern, technological world. Heidegger uses the quote by Hölderlin to explore how human existence is deeply intertwined with language and poetry and reaches the conclusion that to truly dwell is to live in a poetic way, allowing for the meaningful unfolding of the world through language. The other essays/lectures printed in this seminal volume are: Überwindung der Metaphysik (1936-1946) Wer ist Nietzsches Zarathustra (1953) Was heißt Denken? (1952) Bauen Wohnen Denken (1951) Das Ding (1950) Logos (Heraklit, Fragment 50) (1951) Moira (Parmenides, Fragment VIII, 34-41) (1952) Aletheia (Heraklit, Fragment 16) (1954)
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